Production of colored effects in cementitious and building materials



I06. COMPOSITIONS,

COATING OR PLASTIC.

Patented May 3, 1932 UNITED STATES txammer PATENT OFFICE GERALD NOELWHITE, OF EASTCHEAP, LONDON, ENGLAND PRODUCTION OF COLO No Drawing.Application 5 I Example 1 This deals with a method in which milling isemployed.

5 lbs. of standard aste of Caledon brilliant 2 urle RRare subm1 e o inensive m1 in Ior about one to SIX hours or such t me as 1s Example 2This deals with a method of producing a dispersion or solution in whichoxidation of a leuco compound is employed. According to this example, 5pounds of standard vat dyestufif paste are mixed with 2 to 2 galIons o 0ca s 10 soda and warmed to about 40 40 C. sodium 5 drosul bite is thenadded in small quantifies untiI a cIearbl'ue solution of the leucocompound is obtained. To this solution there is added 6 pints of sodiumsilicate of 140 Tw. followed by the a 1 ion 0 about 3 pints of 20%soqigm carbonate solution or the like for t e 1 era 1011 o gelatinoussilica. The mass is then to be stirred or otherwise exposed to the air,or aerated as by blowing air through it or forming a spray of thesolutlon or dispersion by air under pres- S IN CEMENTITIOUS AND BUILDINGMATERIALS 1927, Serial No. 167,074, and in Great Britain March 8, 1926.

sure to obtain substantially complete oxida tion. The oxidized paste isif necessary freed from impurities and then diluted to 2 to 2 gallonsand used as above.

Example 3 This deals with a method of obtaining a dispersion orsolution, particularly a modification of Example 2. According to thisexample, a dispersion or solution of the dyestuif prepared in accordancewith Example 2 is permitted to oxidize prior to or during milling in asuitable device, such as for instance a mill.

General The proportions in which the dyestufi' preparation and buildingmaterial are mixed can be varied to produce the desired depth of color.

Taken as a general rule the proportion given in the examples set outabove yields strong tones.

If desired, the sand may be omitted using the cement slurry so obtainedin the form of a wash. Cement of any kind containinga smallproportlon,e. 0.1 per cent, 'of'iinpalpabl' aluminium powder isparticulailysuitable? TVhere any of the above methods are used for dyeing a mixtureof cement and sand or like aggregate, the depth of color obtainedappears to vary with variations of the relative proportions of dyestufiand cement, and to be substantially unafiected by variations in theamount of aggregate used, which seems to show that the dyestutf has anaffinity for and is fixed substantially only on cement. This is a pointof great practical importance to the user, since it is not necessaryaccurately to determine either the amount of aggregate or of water used.

The invention is not limited to the detailed examples given or to theprecise routine or like details.

Further, in place of a single coloring material, mixtures of two or moresuitable coloring materials may be employed according to the eflectdesired.

In place of Caledon brilliant purple RR other Caledon or vat dyestuffsparticularly fast to light may be employed, the quantities of pastebeing modified if desired to give the required color effect.

Where reference to a standard paste is made, this is not limited to apaste containing per cent. of the actual dyestuff. The actual dry weightof the paste may be considerably in excess of 10 per cent. due to thepresence of other substances.

In this specification and claims the term building material as usedherein includes such substances as Portland or other cement lasterasbestos. 1m $111 a e or use as 111 ding'materiai ormixtures of these.

The invention may be applied either to the loose building material, suchfor example as cement preferably while the same is being gauged or itmay be applied by way of imwith different colors and then utilizingthese in any desired arrangement to produce multicolored efi'ects.

Where the process is applied to the dry or powdered building materialthe resultant structure or article will generally be found to beuniformly colored throughout but where the invention is applied to thefinished article such as by impregnation or external application, itwill generally be found that the colored effect is more or lesssuperficial according to the nature and the thoroughness of theimpregnation or like process, and in the latter event it may be foundthat the color on the outside surface will be darker due to the greateroxidation than that of the la ers of material immediately beneath thesur ace. This, however, may be an advantage, as in the event of wear,chipping, or the like of the pregnation, painting or other externalappliarticle the freshly exposed surface will rapcation to the finishedarticle.

In this specification the term vat dyestuffs means anthraquinone vatdyestuffs or anthraquinone vat dyestufi's which are capable of beingvatted and are adapted to dye cement or other building materials eitherin their vatted or unvatted condition and also includes colored vatdyestufi' intermediates.

It also includes .nthra uin-on. col rs capable of being Wham-$5? colorsbut having no affinity or substantially no affinity for fibre andtherefore not dyestuffs insofar as the textile industry is concerned butcapable of dyeing or coloring cement so that the specification is notlimit ed to coloring matters suitable for the dyeing of materials ofanimal or vegetable origin.

Anthraquinone vat colors having as a general property good fastness tolight are preferred for use according to the present invention.

It is preferable to select such coloring matters as when precipitatedare insoluble so as to prevent the same as far as possible being washedout of the building material on exposure to the weather. It has beenfound that generally speaking satisfactory results can be obtained byemploying a solution containing from 0.1 to 0.7 per cent. by weight ofthe coloring material calculated on the quantity of dry buildingmaterial employed. It is also preferable to use colors fast to light.

It is also preferred that the dyestuffs shall be capable of becomingfixed on the cement or other buildin material although as has beerdiindicated other coloring matters may be use The invention may be appliedto a suitable carrier for the purpose of coloring the same after whichthe dried colored carrier is added to the general body of the buildingmaterial.

In this manner, various artistic effects such as imitation marbleeffects may be obtained.

Different effects can be achieved by separately coloring batches ofbuilding material idly assume the normal color as a result of oxidation.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. A method for the production of coloredeffects in building materials, which comprises the incorporation withthe building material of an anthraquinone vat dyestufi.

2. The process which consists in the incorporation of an anthraquinonevat dyestufli' water wet paste with a. water wet cement aggregate.

3. The process of coloring building cementitious material with ananthraquinone vat dyestufi, which consists in mixing about 5 pounds ofsaid dyestufi with from 2 to 2 gallons of water having therein 5 percentof caustic soda, adding to the mixture sodium hydro-sulphite in smallquantities until a clear solution is obtained and using the solution asthe gauging water for a standard cement and sand mixture containingabout 100 pounds of Portland cement.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

GERALD NOEL WHITE.

